Mitochondria are subcellular organelles which oxidize fuels (sugars and fats) to produce chemical energy (ATP) for cellular processes.

Mitochondria Reference Books

• David G. Nicholls and Stuart J. Ferguson. Bioenergetics 3. (3rd Edition, Academic Press, Elsevier Science, 2002).
• Immo E. Scheffler. Mitochondria. (Wiley-Liss, 1999).

Mitochondria Meetings and Organizations

• The Mitochondria Interest Group web site is for researchers to exchange scientific information. It is maintained by Steven Zullo on servers at the US National Institutes of Health. http://www.nih.gov/sigs/mito/
• Real Audio videocasts of Mitochondria Interest Group lectures are served by the US NIH at http://videocast.nih.gov/PastEvents.asp?c=6
• The Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center of the University of California, San Diego, specializing in Mitochondrial Disease Treatment and Research.
• The Mitochondria Research Society is "committed to find a cure for mitochondrial diseases. A nonprofit international organization of scientists and physicians."
• Mitochondrion, published by Elsevier, is the official journal of the Mitochondria Research Society.
• The Mitochondrial Medicine Society http://www.mitosoc.org is "a non-profit professional educational organization whose purpose is to promote the worldwide advancement and development of research in mitochondrial medicine, including biochemistry, genetics, disease diagnosis and treatment."
• Third Albany Conference on "Frontiers of Mitochondrial Research" September 14 - 17, 2000.
• The United Mitochodrial Disease Foundation (UMDF) provides help to families with mitochondrial disease, and gives money to researchers working on potential treatments. http://www.umdf.org/

Mitochondria Image Gallery

• QuickTime Movies of 3D images of mitochondria from computer processed electron microscopic tomography by T.G. Frey at the National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research at San Diego http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/TFrey/MitoMovie.htm
• 3D Images of mitochondria by C. Mannella at Wadsworth Center's Biological Microscopy and Image Reconstruction Resource, Albany, NY.
• Tom/Tim Protein Import Machinery in the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. (cartoon by K. Kinnally of Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY)
• Potential-dependent staining of mitochondria by JC-1.
• Active mitochondria labeled with JC-1.
• Active mitochondria stained with MitoTracker Red CMXRos dye.

Mitochondrial Genome Sequence Information

• MitoDat - Mendelian Inheritance and the Mitochondrion This database is dedicated to the nuclear genes specifying the enzymes, structural proteins, and other proteins, many still not identified, involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Edited by Steven Zullo.
• GOBASE is the Organelle Genome Database, mainly focused on mitochondria. It is maintained by a group at the University of Montreal, Canada.
• MitBASE - Pilot and MitBASE Home Page- A relational database on nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and its regulation in yeast. It is maintained at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI).
• MITOMAP - A human mitochondrial genome database maintained by Emory University. They also have a list of links to other Mitochondrial Resources on the Web
• List of all published complete organelle sequences including mitochondrial genome sequences from a variety of organisms and several different human samples.
• Mitochondrial and Other Useful SEquences (MOUSE) is a user-friendly database for searching and retrieving human and great ape evolutionary sequence-data. Compiled by Florian Burckhardt.
• Other Bioinformatics, Genomics, and Proteomics tools and links compiled by John D. Furber.

Proteins, Biochemistry, Electron Transport Chain, Membranes, etc.

• Mito-Pick Mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase (complex I) web site from Grenoble, France.

Further information may be found in:

• Aubrey de Grey. The Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging. (R.G. Landes Co., 1999).
• Immo E. Scheffler. Mitochondria. (Wiley-Liss, 1999).
• Douglas C. Wallace. "Mitochondrial Diseases in Man and Mouse," Science. pp. 1482-1488 (5 March 1999)
• Douglas C. Wallace. "Mitochondrial DNA in Aging and Disease," Scientific American. pp. 40-47 (August 1997)

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